How damage occurs:
To prevent leaks! When water freezes, it expands, creating enough pressure to rupture metal piping.
If water is left within your plumbing or irrigation system in freezing conditions, they are susceptible to cracking or bursting. When this occurs, a leak is created.
If undetected, freeze-created leaks have the potential to cause catastrophic damage. Read on to learn the winterizing basics...
Step 1: Use Your "Stop & Waste" Valve
Using Your Stop & Waste Valve
Every property is required to have a functioning Stop & Waste Valve, as it is the only valve designed to shut off water to the entire property. When used properly, this valve stops water flow and drains standing water from the line through a small weep hole at the bottom — effectively reducing the risk of ice formation and preventing freeze-related pipe ruptures.
Turning Off Water with the Stop & Waste Valve:
- Use a T-Bar to gently turn the valve clockwise until snug (usually about a quarter turn). T-Bars are available at most hardware stores.
- If the valve is difficult to turn, applying a few drops of cooking oil down the T-Bar shaft may help loosen it.
- If the valve turns more than a quarter turn or doesn’t feel secure, contact a professional — the valve may need repair or replacement. A valve that isn’t fully closed or open can result in a leak.
Tip: Mark your Stop & Waste Valve with a tall stake so it’s easy to locate under snow.
Turning Water Back On:
- Use a T-Bar to turn the valve counter-clockwise until it stops rotating. You should hear water rushing through the pipes.
- Note: It’s normal to hear air spurting from plumbing fixtures after turning the water back on. This is simply air being pushed out as the pipes refill.
Step 2: Maintain Temperatures & Insulate Properly
Keeping Pipes Warm
Exposing pipes to enough heat is one of the best ways to prevent freezing. Here’s how to help keep them protected:
- Insulate water pipes — especially those under sinks, in attics, crawl spaces, or along exterior walls.
- Maintain indoor heat at 50–55°F or higher, even when you’re away.
- Open cabinet doors beneath sinks to allow warmer indoor air to circulate around the pipes.
Step 3: Drain Irrigation Systems
Protecting Your Irrigation System: Using Your Stop & Waste Valve:
Irrigation systems are also vulnerable to freeze-related leaks. A few simple steps can help prevent costly damage:
- Shut off and drain all irrigation lines.
Note: Outdoor irrigation is prohibited from November 1 through April 1 each year.
- Detach and drain all garden hoses.
This prevents freezing water from backing up into the wall behind the spigot and causing hidden damage.
